Experience-Based Cognition for Driving Behavioral Fingerprint Extraction

Abstract

With the rapid progress of information technologies, cars have been made increasingly intelligent. This allows cars to act as cognitive agents, i.e., to acquire knowledge and understanding of the driving habits and behavioral characteristics of drivers (i.e., driving behavioral fingerprint) through experience. Such knowledge can be then reused to facilitate the interaction between a car and its driver, and to develop better and safer car controls. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to extract the driver’s driving behavioral fingerprints based on our conceptual framework Experience-Oriented Intelligent Things (EOIT). EOIT is a learning system that has the potential to enable Internet of Cognitive Things (IoCT) where knowledge can be extracted from experience, stored, evolved, shared, and reused aiming for cognition and thus intelligent functionality of things. By catching driving data, this approach helps cars to collect the driver’s pedal and steering operations and store them as experience; eventually, it uses obtained experience for the driver’s driving behavioral fingerprint extraction. The initial experimental implementation is presented in the paper to demonstrate our idea, and the test results show that it outperforms the Deep Learning approaches (i.e., deep fully connected neural networks and recurrent neural networks/Long Short-Term Memory networks).     

Integrating Variable Reduction Strategy With Evolutionary Algorithms for Solving Nonlinear Equations Systems

Nonlinear equations systems (NESs) are widely used in real-world problems and they are difficult to solve due to their nonlinearity and multiple roots. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are one of the methods for solving NESs, given their global search capabilities and ability to locate multiple roots of a NES simultaneously within one run. Currently, the majority of research on using EAs to solve NESs focuses on transformation techniques and improving the performance of the used EAs. By contrast, problem domain knowledge of NESs is investigated in this study, where we propose the incorporation of a variable reduction strategy (VRS) into EAs to solve NESs. The VRS makes full use of the systems of expressing a NES and uses some variables (i.e., core variable) to represent other variables (i.e., reduced variables) through variable relationships that exist in the equation systems. It enables the reduction of partial variables and equations and shrinks the decision space, thereby reducing the complexity of the problem and improving the search efficiency of the EAs. To test the effectiveness of VRS in dealing with NESs, this paper mainly integrates the VRS into two existing state-of-the-art EA methods (i.e., MONES and DR-JADE) according to the integration framework of the VRS and EA, respectively. Experimental results show that, with the assistance of the VRS, the EA methods can produce better results than the original methods and other compared methods. Furthermore, extensive experiments regarding the influence of different reduction schemes and EAs substantiate that a better EA for solving a NES with more reduced variables tends to provide better performance.      

基于CiteSpace的资源型产业研究知识图谱分析

资源型产业发展为推进国家经济增长和工业化进程提供了重要保障。为深入了解资源型产业的研究情况，以CNKI数据库为数据源，搜集2000—2020年关于资源型产业的核心及以上期刊论文，利用CiteSpace软件从发文作者与研究机构分布、关键词共现网络和时区图谱等方面，绘制知识图谱，进行可视化分析。研究发现：资源型产业领域的研究成果愈加丰富，但研究群体间联系合作较少，且现有的合作研究主要集中在所处地域资源富集和具有学科优势的研究机构及学者；资源型产业领域的研究热点可概括为产业发展、资源型城市、产业集群、产业结构、产业链和产业集聚等方面；针对资源型产业领域未来可从资源型产业相关理论研究、创新发展模式和可持续发展等方面深入展开。     

水文水资源学家陈守煜先生学术研究的知识图谱分析

为探索水文水资源学家陈守煜先生学术研究历程及其演变规律,以其335篇文献作为数据基础,采用共现分析等文献计量可视化分析方法,通过文献发表的时间分布、学科和期刊分布、高被引文献分布和研究主题等方面的知识图谱分析,系统分析了陈先生的学术研究历程。结果显示:陈守煜先生学术研究生命周期历时达62年,在其60岁后出现了2个学术创新高峰期;其学术研究特色荟萃于其河渠非恒定流计算、模糊集理论的水文水资源应用、模糊水文水资源学基本理论、模糊聚类-识别-优选统一理论、可变模糊集理论和可变模糊集理论的水文水资源应用6个研究主题,其中主题1为后续的5个模糊水文水资源学创新主题奠定了数值计算的研究方法论,主题2为模糊集现有理论的应用探索,主题3至主题5为面向工程应用的模糊集理论不断深入创新,主题6为可变模糊集理论的应用探索,形成了"紧密结合应用-持续理论创新-创新理论再应用"这种理论与实践互馈的研究特色。他每一阶段的研究目标比较集中、明确,与其研究主题密切对应,显著提高了研究效率;他的学术研究影响广泛,合计被引8554次,缘于他的源头理论创新。陈先生的研究,理论与应用不断互馈,贵在厚积薄发、深入钻研、持续创新,其研究理念和方法论,对水利科学的学术创新研究具有重要的启示作用和深远影响。     

What do stakeholders think about knowledge transfer offices? The perspective of firms and research groups in a regional innovation system

Knowledge transfer offices (KTOs) are required to adopt a comprehensive approach to managing a broad set of channels of university–industry collaboration, including collaborative research, business services, exchange of human resources and informal relations within a regional innovation system. The perspectives of firms and academic researchers, the main stakeholders of KTOs, are useful complements to assess KTO activity. The goal of this article is to study the effectiveness that these stakeholders attribute to KTOs. Based on survey data collected in the Spanish region of Andalusia, the article explores stakeholders’ perceptions and determinants. The results show that the level of engagement in a diversified range of activities and the importance attributed to knowledge transfer in the strategy of both research groups and firms are the best predictors of the perceived effectiveness of KTOs. The article also underlines specific differences between the two types of stakeholders.     

Porous ceramics with tailored pore size and morphology as substrates for coral larval settlement

The growing demand for stony corals as ornamental aquarium animals requires defined aquacultural breeding strategies. For the sexual propagation of corals, material substrates are needed, that attract larvae and support their settlement and development. In this study, five types of highly porous ceramic materials were developed following the example of coral skeleton. The applicability of these settlement substrates was tested using larvae of the stony coral Pocillopora damicornis. Partial sintering of pressed clay pellets, freeze casting of clay and alumina-mullite based slurries and direct foaming of high alkane phase emulsified suspensions (HAPES) using alumina were employed. By the addition of mm-sized spherical polystyrene beads as sacrificial templates during freeze casting (alumina-mullite), superficial pores in the size of the larvae were created. The inorganic substrates featured open porosities between 35% (pressed clay) and 83% (foamed alumina), pore sizes ranging from nm to mm-scale and pore morphologies dominated by interparticle porosity (pressed), lamellar pores (freeze casting) and cellular pore types (direct foaming). The ceramic substrates were incubated in artificial sea water for 3 months to induce necessary biofilm formation and algae growth. Afterwards, individual substrates were exposed to 5 coral larvae, and their settlement behavior was monitored over 14 days. At the end of this period, all ceramic materials were successfully accepted as settlement substrates, with a mean settlement rate of 46.2%, and no significant differences between the substrate types. On samples with large surface superficial pores, a significantly reduced survival of settled larvae (79%) compared to the other porous materials (93–98%) was determined, suggesting a non-ideal surface topography. While alumina foam samples (HAPES) exhibit the most promising results in terms of settlement and survival of larvae, clay-based substrates provide a more economic solution for the sexual propagation of corals in aquaculture.     

立式退火炉张力设定模型及应用

带钢在立式退火炉内发生瓢曲、跑偏的临界张力与炉辊凸度、带钢规格都存在一定关系，但缺乏合理的定量分析方法，难以科学制定不同规格、不同钢种带钢的炉内单位张力。通过引入瓢曲风险因子BRI，可以定量地分析炉内板带瓢曲风险，从而确定冷硬板带炉内张力设定上限，即板带发生热瓢曲的临界张力σC，为连退炉加热段和冷却段的张力控制提供依据。采用该方法对连退炉加热、冷却区的张力进行了优化，应用结果表明，优化后的张力值与实测值更加吻合。     

Striking Patterns: Contemporary Ikat Design and Its Future

This review presents the results of a conference on ikat textiles organized in the context of the exhibition Striking Patterns: Global Traces in Local Ikat Fashion at the Museum der Kulturen Basel, Switzerland (October 2016 to March 2017). Academics and professional experts, some of them working for NGOs, debated often neglected potentialities as well as the future of contemporary ikat design and other intricately patterned handwoven textiles: the significance of new patterns; intellectual property rights; and educational encouragement. The general focus lay on the controversially perceived innovation of textile patterns in Indonesia and Timor-Leste. We will here present the main arguments of the discussion and our own suggestions for further research.     

基于知识蒸馏算法的电缆专业知识库应用

电缆全寿命周期内的标准、规程、法规是电缆从业人员开展工作的依据,而齐全、权威且方便查阅的标准和规程是指导电缆各项工作开展和城市电网安全稳定运行的重要保障。介绍了所开发的电缆专业知识库系统,基于小规模样本知识蒸馏算法,实现电缆专业知识库的关键词匹配搜索、笔记摘抄学习以及论坛的学习探讨等功能,提升了电缆从业人员查阅资料、员工学习的效率。